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During a full moon, a supermoon happens once the lunar orbit reaches its closest point to Earth. This makes the moon appear considerably closer and brighter than usual, however, it's hard to discern the difference with the untrained eye alone.

Four supermoons are easily visible this year, according to eclipse expert and retired NASA astrophysicist Fred Espanak's definition, which is a full moon within 90% of its closest approach to Earth.

The term “supermoon” gained prominence in late 2016 with three consecutive, closest supermoons in 69 years, with a closer one expected in the 2030s.

Unlike a typical full Moon, a Supermoon is Brighter

The classification of a Moon as a Supermoon or Micro Moon is subjective due to varying interpretations of Earth-Sun distance, resulting in a Full Moon labeled as a Supermoon not being considered a Super Full Moon. Supermoons occur when the Moon's centre is fewer than 360,000 kilometres from Earth's centre.

Moreover, the moon's orbit around Earth is irregular, with a distance of 238,000 miles, but its apogee and perigee fluctuate monthly due to tidal forces.

The moon appears 30% brighter and 14% larger than usual, but it's difficult to spot with the naked eye. It's more noticeable near the horizon, possibly due to the human brain's “moon illusion.”

Scientists believe the brain compares the moon to nearby buildings or objects, processing horizon objects as bigger than sky ones. This effect requires careful moon-watching.



Supermoons Yearly Frequency 

A supermoon is a full moon that occurs at or very close to lunar perigee, the point in the moon's orbit where it is closest to Earth.  

Supermoons, originally known as perigean full moons, were first coined by an astrologer who claimed that full moons within 90% of the perigee distance can also qualify as a supermoon. 

There can be multiple supermoons per year, with most years seeing three. The perigean full moon is flanked by supermoons the month before and after it, and sometimes four supermoons. Some years may see as few as two or as many as five.

The Impact of a Supermoon

The ramifications of a supermoon on humans and our planet are a topic of much discussion.

Claims that supermoons trigger earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, harsh weather, tsunamis, floods, and plagues are not well-supported by scientific data!

Naturally, the Moon is what causes Earth's tides. When the Moon, Sun, and Earth align, severe spring tides are produced during full and new moons.

On average, the tidal fluctuations are only increased by around 5 cm due to the influence of perigean spring tides.

There have been a few earthquakes and tsunamis in recent years that have occurred in tandem with supermoons.

Admittedly, the first supermoon of 2024 was the Super Blue Moon on August 19, with the next three occurring on September 18, October 17, and November 15.

In 2024, the supermoon on September 18, which will also have a partial lunar eclipse, will be the Harvest Moon.

As these rare lunar events unfold, they will captivate observers around the world, with the Harvest Moon eclipse being a particularly special highlight. Whether you're an avid astronomer or simply enjoy the beauty of the night sky, these supermoons are sure to leave a lasting impression. So mark your calendars, prepare your cameras, and don’t miss out on the breathtaking sights that await you.

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